Measures
The main one-dimensional survey consisted of five facts rated on the an excellent seven-point Likert measure (range: 1–7; size accuracy: Cronbach’s alpha = .82).
The fresh Pleasure https://datingranking.net/pl/alua-recenzja/ with Lives Level (SWLS) was utilized determine global life pleasure . The 5 bits of this 1-dimensional questionnaire was basically rated towards the a beneficial seven-area Likert size (1 = highly differ; eight = firmly consent; measure reliability: Cronbach’s leader = .92) .
Determine strength, one-dimensional German Resilience Measure 11 (RS-11) was applied [56,57]. Participants rated eleven items on an excellent 7-section Likert measure (step 1 = disagree; eight = agree; scale reliability: Cronbach’s alpha = .91).
Subjective experienced otherwise anticipated support regarding social networking is actually counted for the one to-dimensional Italian language Questionnaire Social Assistance (F-SozU K-14) consisting of fourteen items ranked to your an excellent 5-point Likert level (step 1 = not true; 5 = true; measure precision: Cronbach’s leader = .94).
Narcissism was counted into thirteen push-possibilities format pieces of the brand new Narcissistic Character Directory 13 (NPI-13; size accuracy: Cronbach’s alpha = .82) .
The newest characteristics of one’s “Large Five” have been examined on the Huge Four Collection ten (BFI-10) . The latest 10 factors was ranked to the an excellent 5-area Likert level (step one = differ highly; 5 = consent highly). Respectively, several issues belonged to just one of the four balances extraversion (size precision: Cronbach’s leader = .89), agreeableness (Cronbach’s leader = .74), conscientiousness (Cronbach’s alpha = .82), neuroticism (Cronbach’s alpha = .86), and you will openness (Cronbach’s alpha = .79).
To measure brand new participants’ mind-regard, new Italian language particular the fresh new Solitary-Product Notice-Value Scale (SISE) was applied . Members was basically requested to rate into the a good 5-part Likert scale how much cash the statement “I’ve highest care about-esteem.” placed on themselves (1 = cannot be entirely true away from myself; 5 = best shown from me).
The newest Depression Stress Worry Bills 21 (DASS-21) have been put on measure anxiety, stress and anxiety episodes [62,63]. The whole questionnaire consisted of about three reliable 7-items balances, which were ranked on 4-part Likert balances (0 = did not apply to myself whatsoever; step three = used on myself really otherwise normally; measure precision: depression: Cronbach’s leader = .83, anxiety: Cronbach’s leader = .78, stress: Cronbach’s alpha = .87) [64,65].
Additionally, members have been asked about their social networking fool around with. Earliest, Internet sites use was counted (“How frequently do you really go surfing general?”). Within the next action, brand new SNSs use try reviewed (“How often can you use social media sites?”). The answer for both issues was given with the a beneficial seven-point Likert scale (0 = never; step 1 = less than once per month; dos = a few times 30 days; step three = weekly; cuatro = once or twice weekly; 5 = once a day; six = more often than once twenty four hours). After that, people was basically expected if they are a member of your own SNSs Facebook, Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr, Google+ or other platform (0 = no; step 1 = yes).
Statistical analyses
Brand new Mathematical Plan for the Personal Sciences (SPSS) variation 21 was utilized for everyone analytical analyses [66,67]. Basic, the a style of brand new investigated personality traits and you may mental health parameters was compared anywhere between Twitter profiles and you can Facebook low-users because of the figuring multivariate analysis out-of difference (MANOVA). Adopting the Steven’s testimonial to not play with more ten centered parameters in one single MANOVA, i held a couple of MANOVAs. The first data integrated thinking-respect, narcissism while the “Larger Five” attributes. Since the Box’s decide to try was non-tall, we put Pillai’s shadow because the a beneficial multivariate attempt. The second data included this new mental health variables lives pleasure, strength, societal service, happiness, anxiety, anxiety, and you will fret. Here, Box’s take to is actually tall, for this reason, new Hotelling’s shadow statistics were used. Although not, all multivariate testing demonstrated similar show.